Model Kepemimpinan Kiai Hodri dalam Pengembangan Kualitas Pendidikan Islam Pondok Pesantren
Keywords:
Leadership of Kiai, Quality of Islamic Education, Democratic-Charismatic Leadership, Educational InnovationAbstract
The leadership of kiai plays a central role in developing the quality of pesantren education in the contemporary era. This research analyzes the leadership model of Kiai Hodri in improving the quality of Islamic education at Pondok Pesantren Sabilul Muttaqin Daramista, Lenteng, Sumenep. The research focuses on the leadership type, quality development strategies, and the impact of leadership on pesantren educational transformation. This study employs a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design to understand Kiai Hodri's leadership experience in depth. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with Kiai Hodri, ustadz, santri, and pesantren administrators, participatory observation, and analysis of pesantren policy documentation. Data validity was maintained through source and method triangulation, while data analysis utilized data reduction, data display, and conclusion verification techniques. Findings indicate that Kiai Hodri implements a democratic-charismatic leadership model that combines spiritual authority with a participatory approach. Quality development strategies include transformation of the pesantren community's mindset, enhancement of ustadz competence, development of an integrative curriculum, and improvement of technology-based facilities and infrastructure. Kiai Hodri's transformative leadership has successfully produced graduates with independence in science and technology fields, demonstrating the effectiveness of synthesizing traditional pesantren leadership with contemporary educational innovation.
References
Alase, A. (2017). The interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA): A guide to a good qualitative research approach. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 5(2), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiesep.v5n2p9
Arief, A. (2019). Pembaharuan pendidikan Islam di pesantren Madura. Pustaka Pelajar.
Atiqullah. (2013). Kyai dan kepemimpinan pesantren. Nizamia Learning Center.
Azra, A. (2012). Pendidikan Islam: Tradisi dan modernisasi di tengah tantangan milenium III. Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2018). Doing interviews (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Bruinessen, M. van. (2015). Kitab kuning, pesantren, dan tarekat. Gading Publishing.
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. Harper & Row.
Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., DiCenso, A., Blythe, J., & Neville, A. J. (2014). The use of triangulation in qualitative research. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41(5), 545-547. https://doi.org/10.1188/14.ONF.545-547
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W., & Wekke, I. S. (2020). Penelitian kualitatif dalam pendidikan Islam. Pustaka Belajar.
Darling-Hammond, L. (2017). Teacher education around the world: What can we learn from international practice? European Journal of Teacher Education, 40(3), 291-309. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2017.1315399
Denzin, N. K. (2017). The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods. Routledge.
Dhofier, Z. (2011). Tradisi pesantren: Studi pandangan hidup kyai dan visinya mengenai masa depan Indonesia. LP3ES.
Geertz, C. (1976). The religion of Java. University of Chicago Press.
Ghazali, B. (2003). Pesantren berwawasan lingkungan. Prasasti.
Hefner, R. W. (2009). Making modern Muslims: The politics of Islamic education in Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press.
Horikoshi, H. (2015). Kyai dan perubahan sosial. LP3ES.
Kawulich, B. B. (2005). Participant observation as a data collection method. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 6(2), Article 43. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-6.2.466
Kementerian Agama RI. (2020). Statistik pendidikan Islam tahun 2020. Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Islam.
Khoirudin, A. (2008). Isu-isu kontemporer pendidikan Islam. Pustaka Pelajar.
Langgulung, H. (2004). Manusia dan pendidikan: Suatu analisa psikologi, filsafat dan pendidikan. PT Al-Husna Zikra.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE Publications.
Madjid, N. (2013). Bilik-bilik pesantren: Sebuah potret perjalanan. Paramadina.
Malik, A. (2018). Manajemen strategik berbasis nilai dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 45-62. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2018.71.45-62
Mas'ud, A. (2019). Dari haramain ke nusantara: Jejak intelektual arsitek pesantren. Kencana.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Muhaimin. (2010). Pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam di sekolah, madrasah, dan perguruan tinggi. RajaGrafindo Persada.
Mulyasa, E. (2013). Menjadi guru profesional: Menciptakan pembelajaran kreatif dan menyenangkan. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nata, A. (2012). Manajemen pendidikan: Mengatasi kelemahan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Neubauer, B. E., Witkop, C. T., & Varpio, L. (2019). How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others. Perspectives on Medical Education, 8(2), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-019-0509-2
Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 42(5), 533-544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Qomar, M. (2015). Pesantren: Dari transformasi metodologi menuju demokratisasi institusi. Erlangga.
Qutoshi, S. B. (2018). Phenomenology: A philosophy and method of inquiry. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 5(1), 215-222. https://doi.org/10.22555/joeed.v5i1.2154
Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Soebahar, A. H. (2013). Modernisasi pesantren: Studi transformasi kepemimpinan kiai dan sistem pendidikan pesantren. LKiS.
Spradley, J. P. (2016). Participant observation. Waveland Press.
Steenbrink, K. A. (2017). Pesantren, madrasah, sekolah: Pendidikan Islam dalam kurun modern. LP3ES.
Turmudi, E. (2003). Perselingkuhan kiai dan kekuasaan. LKiS.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
Weber, M. (1947). The theory of social and economic organization. Free Press.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 JSP: Jurnal Studi Pesantren
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
